國小(六)國(一)英文先修English構句 / 各種文法錯誤列表,不妨先再看有沒有犯這些錯誤。
(英語是 語言 , 要 聽(Listening), 說(Speaking). 讀(Reading). 寫(Writing), 寫在最後面. 請勇敢的.大聲的˙說(Speaking)出來正確的,言語.)
(英語是 語言 , 要 聽(Listening), 說(Speaking). 讀(Reading). 寫(Writing), 寫在最後面. 請勇敢的.大聲的˙說(Speaking)出來正確的,言語.)
II[ 主詞(S.) + (be動詞/V) + 主詞補語(SC.) ]
She is Betty(n.).[補語可以是形容詞(adj)以形容主詞;也可以是名詞(n.), 名詞補充說明主詞,作為主詞補語(SC).] 1. You are beautiful. (beautiful(adj.形容詞;美麗的)作主詞補語(SC.) (X) Your are beautifully. (adv.副詞不能直接修飾主詞,不能作主詞補語(SC) 2. You(主詞S.) are (be動詞/V) so (副詞adv.) beautiful.你是如此地美麗的. so (副詞adv.) 作為修飾形容詞 beautiful(adj) 3.You(主詞S.) are(be動詞/V) so beautiful to (介係詞Prep.) me. (對我而言你是如此漂亮) 4. You are a beautiful girl. (直譯: 你是一位很美麗的女生) a girl(n.)名詞 作主詞補語(SC.) . You are a beauty(n.) 5. You are always so beautiful.(你總是如此地漂亮的)[always(adv.)總是.頻率副詞 ,總是放在be動詞後面;一般動詞前面] 6. My mother is often very busy.(adj./忙碌的) [我母親時常很忙碌] |
定義:
(n.):名詞noun ; (V.):動詞verb.;和 be動詞 ; (adj.):形容詞adjective ; (adv.):副詞adverb. ; (Prep.):介係詞Preposition a / an ;(不定冠詞/一個)加單數. the ;(定冠詞/這)可用在單數與複數. (Aux V):助動詞 |
英文發音(pronounce)
She is Betty.
She is a student. 英 [ ˈstju:dnt ] 美 [ ˈstu:dnt ]
She is Danny's cousin. (Cousin 英 [ ˈkʌzn ] 美 [ 'kʌzn ])
She is 14 years old. (years )
She is happy. 英 [ ˈhæpi ] 美 [ ˈhæpi ]
He is 14 years old.
Sister 英 [ ˈsɪstə(r) ] 美 [ ˈsɪstɚ ]
Name 英 [ neɪm ] 美 [ nem ]
I am Mike. I am a boy. 英 [ bɔɪ ] 美 [ bɔɪ ]
I am Jenny's brother.
I am two years old.美 [ oʊld ] I am cool. 英 [ ku:l ] 美 [ kul ]
I am a cool boy. 英 [ əm ] 美 [ æm ]
音段通常可以被分成兩個主要音類:輔音(consonant)和元音(vowel) 和元音的語音描寫可根據輔音和元音的產生及聽覺特徵(auditory characteristics)進行 < 美國音目錄 由於各家出版的美語詞典所採用的美語音標符號不盡相同,以下一套符號儘量地折衷了各家所使用的符號,並最大限度地反映美語實際發音。
音標 例詞 音標 例詞
母音
[i] she. He. We. beach. seat, reed, rear [ɪ] his. each. kit, built, hymn
[eɪ] rate, rain, break [ɛ] native interest. Restaurant. bed. Feather bet, bread, bare
[æ] apple. Application. Ask. bad. sat, half, laugh
[ɑ] lock, what, hard
[ɔ] coffee. walk. dog, law, talk [oʊ] boat, rope, toe
[ʊ] put, look, wolf [ʉ] [ u ] root, you. tube, group
[ʌ] lunch. cut, son, flood [ɔɪ] coil, toy, boy [aɪ] try. my. Like. Fire. tight, rice, sky
[aʊ] lout, down, bough [ɚ] work. Word. hurt, chirp, perk [ə] event. about, circus, complete
[ən] taken, button, open [əl] label, paddle, toggle
輔音
[p] play. perk, pay, happy ; [b] bay, book, rabbit ; [t] tail, button, locked
[d] dear, add, filled ; [k] key, catch, quite ; [g] go. game, ghost, guest
[m] male, mock, climb ; [n] nail, knife, gnat
[ŋ] think, sing, tongue ; [h] help, hit, who ; [f] fee, phone, laugh
[v] veal, vary, of
[θ] think. thick, throw, bath
[ð] the. other, then, bathe [s] send, cell, scent
[z] rose, gives, zoo [ʃ] shell, niche, mission [ʒ] garage, vision, azure
[r] core, hard, real [l] let, land, tell [w] wit, where, quick [j] yes, onion, year
(輔音 更多)
[p ̚] nap, dip, top [b ̚] lob, cab, nib [t ̚] lot, light, meat [d ̚] wade, send, garden
[k ̚] lock, like, meek [g ̚] big, rogue, egg [ʔ] rent, button, cotton [ɾ] riddle, booty, center
1 美國東部有[ɔ],西部則將其完全併入[ɑ],兒化音[ɔr]除外。
People 美 [ ˈpipəl ] n. 人,人类 居民 人民 种族 vt. 居住于,布满 使住满人,在…殖民 把动物放养在
A lot of people ask me if it's possible to sound like a native speaker.
She is Betty.
She is a student. 英 [ ˈstju:dnt ] 美 [ ˈstu:dnt ]
She is Danny's cousin. (Cousin 英 [ ˈkʌzn ] 美 [ 'kʌzn ])
She is 14 years old. (years )
She is happy. 英 [ ˈhæpi ] 美 [ ˈhæpi ]
He is 14 years old.
Sister 英 [ ˈsɪstə(r) ] 美 [ ˈsɪstɚ ]
Name 英 [ neɪm ] 美 [ nem ]
I am Mike. I am a boy. 英 [ bɔɪ ] 美 [ bɔɪ ]
I am Jenny's brother.
I am two years old.美 [ oʊld ] I am cool. 英 [ ku:l ] 美 [ kul ]
I am a cool boy. 英 [ əm ] 美 [ æm ]
音段通常可以被分成兩個主要音類:輔音(consonant)和元音(vowel) 和元音的語音描寫可根據輔音和元音的產生及聽覺特徵(auditory characteristics)進行 < 美國音目錄 由於各家出版的美語詞典所採用的美語音標符號不盡相同,以下一套符號儘量地折衷了各家所使用的符號,並最大限度地反映美語實際發音。
音標 例詞 音標 例詞
母音
[i] she. He. We. beach. seat, reed, rear [ɪ] his. each. kit, built, hymn
[eɪ] rate, rain, break [ɛ] native interest. Restaurant. bed. Feather bet, bread, bare
[æ] apple. Application. Ask. bad. sat, half, laugh
[ɑ] lock, what, hard
[ɔ] coffee. walk. dog, law, talk [oʊ] boat, rope, toe
[ʊ] put, look, wolf [ʉ] [ u ] root, you. tube, group
[ʌ] lunch. cut, son, flood [ɔɪ] coil, toy, boy [aɪ] try. my. Like. Fire. tight, rice, sky
[aʊ] lout, down, bough [ɚ] work. Word. hurt, chirp, perk [ə] event. about, circus, complete
[ən] taken, button, open [əl] label, paddle, toggle
輔音
[p] play. perk, pay, happy ; [b] bay, book, rabbit ; [t] tail, button, locked
[d] dear, add, filled ; [k] key, catch, quite ; [g] go. game, ghost, guest
[m] male, mock, climb ; [n] nail, knife, gnat
[ŋ] think, sing, tongue ; [h] help, hit, who ; [f] fee, phone, laugh
[v] veal, vary, of
[θ] think. thick, throw, bath
[ð] the. other, then, bathe [s] send, cell, scent
[z] rose, gives, zoo [ʃ] shell, niche, mission [ʒ] garage, vision, azure
[r] core, hard, real [l] let, land, tell [w] wit, where, quick [j] yes, onion, year
(輔音 更多)
[p ̚] nap, dip, top [b ̚] lob, cab, nib [t ̚] lot, light, meat [d ̚] wade, send, garden
[k ̚] lock, like, meek [g ̚] big, rogue, egg [ʔ] rent, button, cotton [ɾ] riddle, booty, center
1 美國東部有[ɔ],西部則將其完全併入[ɑ],兒化音[ɔr]除外。
People 美 [ ˈpipəl ] n. 人,人类 居民 人民 种族 vt. 居住于,布满 使住满人,在…殖民 把动物放养在
A lot of people ask me if it's possible to sound like a native speaker.
[ O ] She isn't a nurse. (她不是護士.)
[ O ] Is she a student ?(她是學生嗎?) *ERROR 1.錯誤的用 be動詞方式作 have/動詞V 的否定句與問句 1. [ X ] I haven't a car. 2. [ X ] You haven't to work on Sunday. 3. [ X ] He can't do something with the computer. 4. [ X ] I haven't made the homework. |
1. 正確的句子是: 一般動詞 have/動詞V 的否定句與問句 要加助動詞(aux.) [do/does/did] ; 用 any work ,; anything.
1. [ O ] I don't have a car. 2. [ O ] You don't have to work on Sunday. 3. [ O ] He can't do anything with the computer. 4. [ O ] I haven't done the homework. ( do the homework家庭作業 ) (註: haven't done 為"完成式" 時,可用haven't ) |
*ERROR 2. 錯誤的兩個動詞聯在一起用
1*(x) Mom is love you. 2*(x) John wants drink water. 3*(x) The Second Would War was happen in 1939. 4*(x) The world is changes all the time. 5*(x) My sister needs spend a lot of money. 6*(x) Eric's father encourages him work hard. 7*(x) Many people were died during the war. 8*(x) His mother asked him come back. 9*(x) Many people were gave up. 10*(x) Mr. Brown seems doesn’t care. 11*(x) Mr. Brown is comes from Japan. 12*(x) There has a car. 請注意,凡是有*(X)的句子,都是有錯誤的。越是編號在前面的越容易,凡是犯前面錯誤的同學,應仔細再看好好檢查。 |
2. 正確的句子是:
|
一個英文句子只能有一個動詞(v). ;如果有兩個V(或以上)一定要想辦法解。
III[ 主詞(S.) + V/動詞 + 受詞(O.) ] I play basketball(n.籃球/集合名詞(球類運動)) ; He kicks a ball(n.球) 國(一)第六課unit 6.: run(跑)˙,Jump rope(玩跳繩) ; ride a bike(騎腳踏車) ; fly a kite(放風箏) ; kick a ball(踢球) ; play basketball(打籃球) . 例1.: want和play都是動詞,不能放˙在一起.; 一般動詞(v)不能聯在一起那要怎麼用. [ O ] I want to play basketball. 我要去打籃球. [ X ] I want play basketball. [ I ]. 對於要/想要/計畫~後面還要接動詞時,要 用 to + V 形成不定詞,在介詞後面動詞(v)要用原形動詞.;不定詞 to + V 為想要/希望做,不一定做,還沒做. 要(want(v)),need(v)須要,想要(would like(v)), hope(v)希望, plan(v)計畫,invite(v)邀請, ask(v)要求, tell(v)告訴, agree(v)同意 ,decide(v)(決定),mean(v)意思,用 to+V ,當want的受詞. [ O ] I plan to take a trip. [ O ] He hopes to fly a kite. [ O ] Tom is a doctor. [ O ] Tom's son hopes to be a doctor. 例2:be + Ving就會形成 [ 現在進行式 ]; am + Ving 表達「正在做…」 [ O ] I am playing basketball. (○)我正在打籃球. [ X ] I am play basketball. 例3:like和play都是一般動詞/V, [O] I like to play basketball. (○)我喜歡打籃球. [O] I like playing basketball. (○) [X] I like play basketball. (╳) [ II ].對 like(v)喜歡, love(v)愛, hate(v)討厭, try(v)試驗 .有兩種方式解決,把第二個 動詞加ing變成 Ving「動名詞」,要不就在兩個動詞中間加 to(介係詞)+ V,整個to後面, 形成 [不定詞],當like的受詞。 [ O ] He loves to fly a kite. [ O ] He loves flying a kite. 例4:用「連接詞」(這裡是and 對等連接詞)也可以把兩個動詞(sing和dance對等的過去式)連在一起。 [O] We sang and danced all night. (○)我們整晚又唱歌又跳舞. [X] We sang danced all night. (╳) ERROR 3. 一般動詞(v)忘了用 to+V 後面的動詞(V)要用原形動詞
|
3. 正確的句子是:一般動詞(v)聯在一起,用介詞(Prep.)連接形成 to +V 為[不定詞]. 在 介係詞 to 的後面動詞(v)要用原形動詞。
練習題:
1. 他愛你(love). ____________________ 2. 她要喝水(drink water). ____________________ 3. 第二次世界大戰發生在 1939.(the second world war) ____________________ 4. 世界一直在變化.(all the time) ____________________ 5. 她必須花很多錢. (spend) _____________________ 6. 他的父親鼓勵他努力工作.(encourage) ____________________ 7. 戰爭期間,許多人死了.(during) ____________________ 8. 他的母親要求他回來.(ask) ___________________ 9. 許多人放棄了. (give up) ____________________ 10. 她似乎不在乎.(seem) ____________________. 練習題:
1. 我的哥哥喜歡游泳(swim). ____________________ 2. Tom忘了去學校(forget). ____________________ 兩個動詞不能聯在一起那要怎麼用.
正確的句子是: 國中至少有3個動詞V , 後面要接+ Ving .要接動名詞的: 因為 享受1(enjoy+Ving), 保持2(keep+Ving), 所以很 練習3(practice+Ving), <進階級.> 忙碌4(be+busy+Ving);完成5(finish+Ving)工作,他們要去除6(quit+Ving)負債,因為他們很介意7(mind+Ving),想要8(feel like+Ving)花錢9(人spend+Ving)這種生活,期待10(look forward to + seeing). |
*兩個動詞不能聯在一起那要怎麼用.
國中有10個動詞,忘了後面的動詞 要用 V+ing *(x) He practices to speak English. *(x) He practices speak English. *(x) The children enjoy to go to the Zoo. *(x) I am looking forwarded see you soon. *(x) I really enjoy to read the book. *(x) I haven't finished to read the book yet. |
兩個動詞不能聯在一起那要怎麼用.
正確的句子是: 國中有10個動詞V , 後面要接+ Ving . [常考題] 1. Students enjoy playing baseball. 2. Jane spent 3 hours cleaning her room. 3. Students are busy preparing for the examination. 4. He practices speaking English. 5. I am looking forward to seeing you soon. 6. I haven't finished reading the book yet. 7. Robot Ding can keep working for 24 hours every day. |
ERROR 4. 單數第三人稱現在式,一般動詞忘了加s.
|
4. 正確的句子是: 單數第三人稱現在式,一般動詞(V.)要加s
|
ERROR 5. 忘了有用助動詞does not (aux.),後面動詞要為原形動詞。
|
5. 正確的句子是: 用了助動詞(aux.),後面動詞回復為原形動詞(V.)。
|
ERROR 6. 動詞的時態錯了。
@有個故事.: 有一次跟老美Tom,聊天說到英文的 動詞(V.)有分現在式/過去式/過去分詞,比方說; think / thought / thought / thinking ; eat/ ate/ eaten/ eating ,那Tom怎麼會記得呢,那麼多動詞. 老美說: 嘿, 我就是知道. Tom反問說,那你們中文如何表示past tense過去, 阿了一下;, 去,就用曾經去,去過, 已經去過,有去過. 吃.就用吃過了,已經吃了..老美Tom 那不就字更長.;英文動詞就含時態,在美國小學生也有造句課程,那跟我們學國語造句一樣的. What is another word for "eat"? It is "has/or have". How do I say "好久不見" in English? I haven't seen you for a long time. [ 英文文法基本句型.] 1. 主詞(S.) + 動詞(Vi) (1). Many people gave up. (2). Tom swims. (3). An airplane crashed. (4). He laughed loudly. 2. 主詞(S.) + 動詞(V) + 受詞(O.) (1). He loves you. (2). Tom bought a cell phone. (3). Tom likes you. 3. 主詞(S.) + 動詞(V) + 補語(SC.) (1). They were good friends. (2). Helen is pretty. (3). The earth is round. (4). Mary looks beautiful. (5). You are so beautiful to me. 4. 主詞(S.) + 動詞(V) + 受詞1(IO.) + 受詞2(DO.) [* S. + V + 人IO + 物DO ] = [ S. + V. + 物(DO) + 介係詞 + 人(IO) ] (1). I shouldn't give him the book. = I shouldn't give the book to him. (2). Tom bought Mary flowers. = Tom bought flowers for Mary. (3). We sent her a letter. = We sent a letter to her. 5. 主詞(S.) + 動詞(V) + 受詞(O.) + 受詞補語(O.C.) (1). We believe her a student. (2). Tom found Helen pretty. (3). Students usually called me Linda. |
6. 正確的句子是: 動詞(V.)的時態要正確.
[動詞的時態] 現在式.; S + 現在式動詞V 1. She wants (現在式/動詞V) to drink water. 2. The earth is round. (地球是圓的. 是自然的事實用現在式) 過去式.: S + 過去式動詞 V 1. Tom did not go to school yesterday. 2. My father was at home last night. 現在進行式: S + is/are/am (be動詞) + 現在分詞V. 1. Many industries are leaving the county. [leave/ left/ left/ leaving ] 2. Tom is riding his bicycle to school. 過去進行式: S + was/were (過去式be動詞) + 現在分詞V 1. Betty was watching TV when her little brother fell of chair. The train was departing when I arrived at the station. 當我到車站時,列車那時正要開走. 現在完成式.: S + has/have + 過去分詞V /pp 1. He has lived here since 1980. (自從1980,他就已經住在這裡了.) 2. Helen and I have talked about your trip several times since we got your e-mail. 3. I have known him for a long time. 我認識他已經有一段時間了((現在仍然認識)) 過去完成式.: S + had + 過去分詞V /pp (has/have 的過去式都是 had ) 1. I had learned English before I came to America. 我來過美國之前曾學過英文。 The train had departed when I arrived at the Station. 當我抵達車站的時候列車就已經走了。 .被動語態.: S:{主詞}+ am,is,are (be 動詞) +{過去分詞V/pp}+by+{受詞}。 現在式的被動語態. (主)Jill teaches me. 吉爾教我。 (被) I am taught by Jill. 現在進行式的被動語態.: (主)She is watering the flowers. (被)The flowers are being watered by her. .<過去式的被動>: S{主詞}+ was,were (過去式be動詞)+{過去分詞V/pp}+by+{受詞}。 (主)She opened the door. 她打開門。 (被)The door was opened by her. |
ERROR 7. 動詞和主詞不一致。
|
7. 正確的句子是:主詞(S.) 和 動詞(V.)要一致.
|
ERROR 8. 句子沒有動詞。
1*(X) He looking for a book. 2*(X) Many people interested in music. 3*(X) He very happy. 4*(X) That car having many passengers in it. 5*(X) The President towards the people. 6*(X) The future good for us. 7*(X) Many banks bankrupt. 8*(X) It may due to the war. |
8. 正確的句子是: 句子有動詞(V.)
|
練習題:
1. 我昨晚在家.(at home) ________________ 2. 我沒有錢買那本書.(no money) ________________ 3. 他們是好朋友.(good friend) ________________ 4. 他的能力很棒能在同時完成許多事.(his ability/ to accomplish) ________________ 5. 他們的願望終於實現.(be realized) ________________ |
|
ERROR 9. 句子沒有主詞。
1*(X) How can protect human beings? 2*(X) This way, at least don’t kill people. |
9. 正確的句子是: 句子須有主詞(S.)
|